READ NEXT: Floppy Iris Syndrome Eye injuryĪ serious, penetrating eye injury can damage your iris and cause the pupil to become dilated and irregular in shape. The following prescription and non-prescription medicines can cause your pupils to dilate and affect their ability to react to light:īotox and other medications containing botulinum toxinĪtropine (used for myopia control and other medical purposes) The most common dilated pupil causes include: Medications If one pupil is noticeably larger than the other, you may have something called anisocoria. Your pupils should also dilate symmetrically. However, if your eyes are fully dilated even in a bright environment or if your eyes don't seem to be dilating as they should, it's time to get your eyes checked. It's normal for your pupils to dilate more the darker your surroundings. People with no other symptoms or abnormalities often have chronic conditions such as physiologic anisocoria, birth defects of the iris, or Adie (tonic) pupil (see table ).If you've noticed your eyes are unusually dilated (larger) or one eye is dilated more than the other, call an eye doctor! People whose only symptom is recent blurry vision, particularly when focusing on near objects, may have a pupil that has been widened by a medication. read more (possibly due to a brain disorder). These palsies can occur when pressure is put on the nerve or the nerve does not get enough. read more or third cranial nerve paralysis Third Cranial Nerve (Oculomotor Nerve) Palsy A palsy of the 3rd cranial nerve can impair eye movements, the response of pupils to light, or both. The cause is disruption of the nerve fibers that. People who have a droopy eyelid, double vision, headache, or balance difficulties have Horner syndrome Horner Syndrome Horner syndrome affects one side of the face, causing the eyelid to droop, the pupil to become small (constricted), and sweating to decrease. Typically, people with eye symptoms such as pain, redness, blurry vision, or light sensitivity have an eye disorder. Horner syndrome is caused by interruption of the sympathetic nerves to an eye due from any cause. read more refers to the combination of a constricted pupil, drooping eyelid, and loss of sweating around the affected eye. Horner syndrome Horner Syndrome Horner syndrome affects one side of the face, causing the eyelid to droop, the pupil to become small (constricted), and sweating to decrease. Disorders outside the brain that affect the sympathetic nervous system include tumors and injuries that involve the neck or upper part of the chest. Brain disorders that can affect these pathways include strokes, brain hemorrhage (spontaneous or due to head injury), and, less commonly, certain tumors or infections. Thus, people with nervous system disorders that affect the pupil often also have a drooping eyelid, double vision, and/or visibly misaligned eyes. These pathways carry nerve impulses to the pupil and to the muscles that control the eye and eyelid. This system works automatically (autonomously), without a person’s conscious. Nervous system disorders that cause unequal pupils are those that affect the third cranial nerve or certain parts of the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system (the autonomic nervous system Overview of the Autonomic Nervous System The autonomic nervous system regulates certain body processes, such as blood pressure and the rate of breathing. read more cause unequal pupils, but this finding is usually overshadowed by severe eye pain. read more ) and certain types of glaucoma Glaucoma Glaucomas are a group of eye disorders characterized by progressive optic nerve damage (often, but not always, associated with increased eye pressure) that can lead to irreversible loss of vision. (See also Overview of Eye Injuries.) Iritis can develop after blunt eye trauma or a chemical burn, typically. Inflammation of the iris ( iritis Traumatic Iritis and Chemical Iritis Iritis is inflammation of the pigmented inside lining of the eye (uvea), iris, or both. Such medications may be drops intended to treat eye disorders (for example, homatropine used for certain disorders or injuries or pilocarpine used for glaucoma), or they may be medications or other substances that accidentally get into the eye (for example, scopolamine used as a patch for motion sickness, plants such as jimsonweed, or certain insecticides). Also, certain medications that get into the eye may affect the pupil. Eye disorders that cause unequal pupils include birth defects and eye injuries.
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